鲁瑞远达牌次氯酸钠发生器概(gai)述
鲁瑞远达次(ci)氯酸钠杀菌消毒(du)原(yuan)理
次氯(lv)酸(suan)钠消毒主要的作用(yong)方式是通(tong)过(guo)它的水解形(xing)成次氯(lv)酸(suan),次氯(lv)酸(suan)再进一步分(fen)解形(xing)成新生态氧[O],新生态氧(yang)的氧(yang)化性(xing)使菌(jun)体(ti)和病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)上的蛋白(bai)质(zhi)等物(wu)质(zhi)变(bian)性(xing),从而致死(si)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)源(yuan)微(wei)生物(wu)。其次(ci),次(ci)氯(lv)酸(suan)在杀菌(jun)、杀病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)过程中,不(bu)仅可作用于细胞壁、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)外(wai)壳(qiao),而且(qie)因次(ci)氯(lv)酸(suan)分子(zi)(zi)(zi)小,不(bu)带电荷(he),还可渗(shen)透入菌(jun)(病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du))体(ti)内(nei),与菌(jun)(病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du))体(ti)蛋白(bai)、核酸(suan)和酶等有机高分子(zi)(zi)(zi)发生氧(yang)化反应(ying),从而杀死(si)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)原微(wei)生物(wu)。再次(ci),次(ci)氯(lv)酸(suan)产(chan)生出(chu)的氯(lv)离子(zi)(zi)(zi)还能(neng)显(xian)著改变(bian)细菌(jun)和病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)体(ti)的渗(shen)透压,使细胞丧失(shi)活性(xing)而死(si)亡。
次氯酸钠发生(sheng)器原理概要
次氯酸钠发生器(qi)电解主反应过程可(ke)用以(yi)下方(fang)程式来表(biao)示:
NaCL+ H2O = NaCLO + H2↑
电极反应(ying):阳(yang)极: 2Cl- - 2e → Cl2 阴极: 2H+ + 2e → H2
溶液反应:2NaOH + Cl2 → NaCl + NaClO + H2O
电(dian)(dian)解盐水型次氯(lv)酸(suan)钠发(fa)生(sheng)器的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)解过程(cheng)是一个电(dian)(dian)化学(xue)的(de)(de)反应过程(cheng),它的(de)(de)原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)就是盐和水,制成次氯(lv)酸(suan)钠溶(rong)液(ye)品(pin)质纯(chun)净,该化学(xue)原(yuan)理虽然简(jian)单(dan),但(dan)影响(xiang)经济的(de)(de)技术指标很多,所以(yi)次氯(lv)酸(suan)钠发(fa)生(sheng)器电(dian)(dian)解电(dian)(dian)极的(de)(de)设计(ji)(ji)要考(kao)虑综合(he)各种因素,根据(ju)结构紧凑合(he)理、运行节能、操作维护方便(bian)、运行可靠性(xing)高、设备使用寿命长等特(te)点(dian)来设计(ji)(ji)制造(zao)。次氯(lv)酸(suan)钠溶(rong)液(ye)投(tou)加准确,使用方便(bian),易于储存,不存在跑气泄(xie)漏,可以(yi)任意环境工(gong)作状况下投(tou)加。
鲁瑞远达牌(pai)次氯(lv)酸钠发(fa)生器概(gai)述
通过电解盐水(shui)生成的次氯酸钠溶液,随用(yong)随产,无(wu)任何副产物(wu)存在(zai),更(geng)无(wu)影响水(shui)质。随着引进新(xin)技(ji)术的提高(gao),鲁(lu)瑞远达牌次氯酸钠发生器(qi)在(zai)国内技(ji)术独(du)树一帜(zhi),高(gao)自(zi)动化(hua)外观(guan)新(xin)颖独(du)特,高集(ji)成度,多(duo)项(xiang)产(chan)品专利予(yu)以(yi)应用(yong)。
系统流(liu)程概(gai)要
自动溶解盐颗粒(li)成为饱和(he)盐水(shui)(shui),对饱和(he)盐水(shui)(shui)进行过滤精度达5µm,盐(yan)水(shui)附(fu)带杂(za)质得(de)到滤除,有益于电极的(de)寿(shou)命;将过滤后的(de)饱和盐(yan)水(shui)与水(shui)稀释成3.0%的(de)稀盐(yan)水,供电解使用。发(fa)生(sheng)器(qi)主机采(cai)用了新(xin)型的(de)高(gao)频恒流(liu)稳压电子开(kai)关电源技(ji)术作(zuo)为(wei)发(fa)生(sheng)器(qi)的(de)电源,采(cai)用具有(you)特殊材料(liao)表面涂层保护的(de)纯钛电极作(zuo)为(wei)发(fa)生(sheng)器(qi)的(de)电解电极,各级罐体、组件采(cai)用PE、CPVC材料制成(cheng),可(ke)方便、稳(wen)定地制取品质纯净的次氯酸(suan)钠消毒溶液。
鲁瑞远(yuan)达牌(pai)次(ci)氯酸(suan)钠(na)发生器性(xing)能(neng)特(te)点
◎自动溶(rong)盐(yan)(yan)罐(guan):按一定比列投加固体盐(yan)(yan),待初次溶(rong)盐(yan)(yan)程序结(jie)束(自动结(jie)束)后(hou),再次投入固体盐(yan)(yan),处(chu)于盐(yan)(yan)与水的混合状(zhuang)态,可保(bao)持槽内(nei)一直有未溶(rong)解盐(yan)(yan),处(chu)于饱和湿(shi)盐(yan)(yan)状(zhuang)态,保(bao)持盐(yan)(yan)位处(chu)于高低位之间即可;
◎溶(rong)盐过(guo)滤器:滤除工(gong)业盐溶(rong)解后饱和盐水内的颗粒(li)杂质,确保杂质不会进入(ru)次氯(lv)酸(suan)钠(na)发生器系统,保证(zheng)次氯(lv)酸(suan)钠(na)溶(rong)液纯净度,饮用水不受任何污(wu)染(ran)。
◎滤后饱和(he)(he)净盐(yan)罐(guan):控制(zhi)系统实时(shi)读(du)取(qu)饱和(he)(he)净盐(yan)水罐(guan)内液(ye)位(wei)开(kai)关情况,当液(ye)位(wei)处(chu)于(yu)补水位(wei)以下(xia),系统自(zi)动启动溶盐(yan)泵并切换对应电动阀门,进行溶盐(yan)过滤补水,直至高位(wei)液(ye)位(wei)闭合,净盐(yan)罐(guan)满槽,过滤过程自(zi)动启停(ting)。
◎自(zi)动稀(xi)盐(yan)(yan)配比(bi)装置、稀(xi)盐(yan)(yan)罐:自(zi)动稀(xi)盐(yan)(yan)水(shui)配比(bi)器采用高低(di)位比(bi)例控制(zhi),由控制(zhi)系(xi)统根(gen)据稀(xi)盐(yan)(yan)罐液位连锁溶盐(yan)(yan)罐液位进(jin)行自(zi)动启动/停止(zhi)的(de)控制(zhi),无需人(ren)工(gong)操作,当稀(xi)盐罐的(de)液位低于补水(shui)位时,系统自动(dong)打开配比(bi)电(dian)动(dong)阀门,进行(xing)稀(xi)盐配比(bi),直(zhi)至满槽(cao);须(xu)确保自来水(shui)压(ya)力≥0.25MPa,否则(ze)稀盐配比无法正(zheng)常进行;
◎稀(xi)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)液计(ji)(ji)量(liang)输(shu)送(song)泵(beng):本系(xi)统(tong)采用(yong)一台稀(xi)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)水(shui)计(ji)(ji)量(liang)泵(beng),定(ding)量(liang)给电解槽(cao)输(shu)送(song)稀(xi)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)水(shui)。当稀(xi)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)槽(cao)的液位(wei)下降至低(di)于低(di)位(wei)控制点时,表示稀(xi)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)槽(cao)已经(jing)缺盐(yan)(yan)(yan),系(xi)统(tong)将自动停止计(ji)(ji)量(liang)泵(beng)运(yun)(yun)行(xing),等待(dai)状态恢复后再继续自动运(yun)(yun)行(xing);
◎次氯酸钠发生器主机(ji):集成电(dian)解槽(cao)、电(dian)解电(dian)源、计量泵、控制系统等(deng)为一体,
电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)槽通过电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源输入的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流使得电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)槽阴阳极之间(jian)的稀(xi)(xi)盐(yan)水溶(rong)液(ye)发生电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)离效应,产生次氯酸钠溶(rong)液(ye),使用计量泵进行(xing)稀(xi)(xi)盐(yan)输入电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)槽。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)槽一直(zhi)处于较低温度状态(tai),可以(yi)保持(chi)很高(gao)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)效率;
电(dian)极板(ban)采用钛材(cai)料(liao)作为基材(cai),阳极表面涂覆精细(xi)度达到20纳(na)米的钌(liao)铱金属氧化(hua)物(wu)颗粒,涂层(ceng)厚度(du)20微米,分23次(ci)涂(tu)覆,可确(que)保阳(yang)极的高产出率和长寿命。
电(dian)(dian)(dian)解电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan):采用专业(ye)制作的稳压(ya)开关电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan),电(dian)(dian)(dian)转换效率>92%,发(fa)热量(liang)低,运行稳定;电(dian)源本(ben)身具有输入过压/欠压保护、输出过压/过流(liu)/短路(lu)保护、过热保护等(deng),确保电源运(yun)行的性能;
控制系统:选用PLC控制系统(tong),它直接(jie)监控着整套发(fa)生(sheng)器系统(tong)的(de)可(ke)靠运(yun)行,以及(ji)在发(fa)生(sheng)故障情况(kuang)下的(de)自检(jian)(jian)测、报警及(ji)自停机状态(tai);彩(cai)色窗口触摸(mo)屏实时显(xian)示溶(rong)盐(yan)单(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)、稀释配比(bi)单(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)、电解(jie)单(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)、投加单(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)、酸洗单(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)等(deng)分(fen)部系统(tong)的(de)运(yun)行状态(tai),同时可(ke)以进(jin)行参数调(diao)整与设置;系统(tong)采集各个(ge)单(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan)的(de)检(jian)(jian)测信号(hao)按一(yi)定逻辑(ji)对(dui)每个(ge)单(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元(yuan),通过电动阀(fa)进(jin)行系统(tong)启/停(ting)。系统(tong)的各个参数通(tong)过通(tong)信模块均可实现远(yuan)距离传输(shu),整(zheng)套次氯(lv)酸(suan)钠发生器系统(tong)均是在自动状态下运行,克(ke)服人为因素导致设备不正常的现象。
◎次(ci)(ci)氯酸钠(na)存(cun)储罐(guan):存(cun)储罐(guan)用于(yu)发(fa)生器(qi)所(suo)制取的(de)全部次(ci)(ci)氯酸钠(na)溶液的(de)存(cun)储,带有高、补水、低液位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制,当(dang)液位(wei)(wei)达(da)到高位(wei)(wei)时(shi)(shi),处(chu)于(yu)满槽状(zhuang)态,发(fa)生器(qi)暂停(ting)运(yun)行,并点亮满槽灯(deng),随着(zhe)溶液的(de)逐渐(jian)被使用,当(dang)液位(wei)(wei)下(xia)降至(zhi)(zhi)中位(wei)(wei)时(shi)(shi),发(fa)生器(qi)重新启动运(yun)行,满槽灯(deng)灭(mie),当(dang)液位(wei)(wei)下(xia)降至(zhi)(zhi)低位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制点以下(xia)时(shi)(shi),表示存(cun)储槽的(de)次(ci)(ci)氯酸钠(na)溶液已经很(hen)少,系统(tong)会暂停(ting)自动投(tou)氯,直至(zhi)(zhi)液位(wei)(wei)上升至(zhi)(zhi)低位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制点以上;
◎排氢(qing)(qing)装(zhuang)置(zhi):发生(sheng)器在电解的过程会产生(sheng)很(hen)少(shao)量(liang)的氢(qing)(qing)气副产物,氢(qing)(qing)气是(shi)易燃易爆物质,国(guo)家标准空间(jian)氢(qing)(qing)气浓(nong)度(du)须达到3%以下,为了更加(jia)可靠的(de)运行本(ben)系统,本(ben)产品控(kong)制要(yao)求氢气浓度低于1%(达到零(ling)氢(qing)(qing)(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)(ji)零(ling)氯(lv)(lv)气(qi)(qi)(qi)残留),实时的对氢(qing)(qing)(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)进(jin)行(xing)(xing)强(qiang)制稀释(shi)并(bing)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang),本(ben)系统采用二级(ji)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)方式,确保氢(qing)(qing)(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)。次(ci)氯(lv)(lv)酸(suan)钠与氢(qing)(qing)(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)的混合物流(liu)经输出(chu)管(guan)道(dao),进(jin)行(xing)(xing)一次(ci)汽液分(fen)离(氢(qing)(qing)(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)比(bi)液体(ti)轻),然(ran)后液体(ti)进(jin)入(ru)存储槽(cao)(cao),在进(jin)入(ru)存储槽(cao)(cao)之(zhi)前再次(ci)进(jin)行(xing)(xing)汽液分(fen)离,同(tong)时使用强(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)风机往存储槽(cao)(cao)内(nei)打入(ru)空(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi),由于强(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)打入(ru)的空(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)压力(li)大,存储槽(cao)(cao)内(nei)残留的氢(qing)(qing)(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)(ji)次(ci)氯(lv)(lv)酸(suan)钠溶液分(fen)解出(chu)的微(wei)量(liang)氯(lv)(lv)气(qi)(qi)(qi)必将通过排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氢(qing)(qing)(qing)管(guan)道(dao)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)出(chu),存储槽(cao)(cao)内(nei)只能剩下(xia)空(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi),微(wei)量(liang)氯(lv)(lv)气(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)(ji)氢(qing)(qing)(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)被稀释(shi)并(bing)强(qiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)进(jin)入(ru)空(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi),然(ran)后排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang);
◎自动次(ci)氯酸钠防腐计量投加泵:变(bian)频投加与在线余(yu)氯仪及控制中心组成成套闭环(huan)投加控制系统,余(yu)氯监测仪对样水的余(yu)氯量进行实(shi)时监测,并(bing)把数据(ju)转化(hua)为4~20mA信号(hao)发(fa)送(song)至控制中(zhong)心PLC,控制中心对该数(shu)据进(jin)行运算后输出(chu)信号对等4~20mA给变频(pin)器,从(cong)而控制(zhi)投(tou)加计量泵的(de)(de)流量,获得管网余氯(lv)的(de)(de)稳定值,实(shi)现闭环、可靠、稳定的(de)(de)变频(pin)投(tou)加、监测及控制(zhi)。